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This book surveys the science at a semipopular, Scientific American-level. It is even-handed with regard to competing directions of research and philosophical positions. It is hard to get even two people to agree on anything, yet a million billion water molecules can...
This book provides a didactic derivation of the main theories of thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals, revealing the common molecular-theoretic framework that underpins both theories.This unified context will help young researchers in coming to grips with the...
This book introduces readers to the development of a new generation of high pulse-repetition frequency instruments for multi-dimensional attosecond-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy (attosecond PES). It investigates the power scaling of femtosecond enhancement...
This book offers a primer on the fundamental theory of Andreev reflection, a fundamental process in the motion of a Cooper pair, which dominates low-energy electronic transport properties in superconductor junctions including differential conductance and Josephson...
This brief provides a modern pedagogical exposition of the mechanical approach to statistical mechanics initiated by Boltzmann with his early works (1866-1871). Despite the later contribution by Helmholtz, Boltzmann himself (1884-1887), Gibbs, P. Hertz, and Einstein,...
This book is a graduate-level self-study guide of bound states in elementary particle physics and consequently in the standard model. The author first recalls the usual quantum electrodynamics (QED) approach to atoms in terms of Feynman diagrams, which assume free...
This book introduces the traditional and novel techniques required to study the thermodynamic and transport properties of quark–gluon plasma. In particular, it reviews the construction of improved holographic models for QCD-like confining gauge theories and their...
The book presents seven fundamental concepts in spacetime physics mostly by following Hermann Minkowski’s revolutionary ideas summarized in his 1908 lecture "Space and Time." These concepts are: spacetime, inertial and accelerated motion in spacetime physics, the...
This book describes the historical development of the principle of stationary action from the 17th to the 20th centuries. Reference is made to the most important contributors to this topic, in particular Bernoullis, Leibniz, Euler, Lagrange and Laplace. The...
This book describes the recently-discovered artificially curved light beam known as the photonic hook. Self-bending of light, a long-time goal of optical scientists, was realized in 2007 with the Airy beam, followed by the first demonstration of the photonic hook by the...
This book highlights the first systematic synthesis of various research approaches in forensic medical diagnosis of the morphological and polycrystalline structure of human biological tissues and biological fluids. One of the global challenges in such diagnosis is the...
This book presents an overview of the different few-body techniques developed in nuclear physics and their applications to explore the structural properties of neutron-rich unstable nuclei, the so-called halo nuclei. Formal theory of two- and three-body scattering are...
This book is about the dark photon which is a new gauge boson whose existence has been conjectured. Due to its interaction with the ordinary, visible photon, such a particle can be experimentally detected via specific signatures. In this book, the authors review the...
The field of elliptic functions, apart from its own mathematical beauty, has many applications in physics in a variety of topics, such as string theory or integrable systems. This book, which focuses on the Weierstrass theory of elliptic functions, aims at senior...
The natural generalization of the quantum-mechanical N-particle wave function to relativistic space-time is a function of N space-time points, and thus of N time variables. This book, based on a collection of lectures given at a spring school in Tübingen in 2019,...
This book comprises the second half of a quantum field theory (QFT) course for graduate students. It gives a concise introduction to advanced concepts that are important for research in elementary particle theory. Topics include the path integral, loop expansion,...
This book explores the physical phenomena underlying the optical responses of nanoscale systems and uses this knowledge to explain their behavior, which is very different to what is encountered on the macroscopic scale. In the first three chapters, the authors discuss...
This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the rapidly growing field of reheating after inflation. It begins with a brief review of the inflationary paradigm and a motivation for why the reheating of the universe is an integral part of inflationary cosmology. It...
This primer describes the general model independent searches for new physics phenomena beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. First, the motivation for performing general model independent experimental searches for new physics is presented by giving an overview...
This book reviews various modified gravity models, including those with modifications in the pure gravitational sector; those involving extra fields, that is, scalar-tensor and vector-tensor gravity theories; gravity models with Lorentz symmetry breaking; and...
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